ืกืคืจ ื”ื’ื–ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื’ืจืกื” ืžืขื•ืฆื‘ืช ยท ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช

13.9 ๐ŸŸ๏ธ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืœื•ื—ื: ื”ื•ื ืื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™. ื‘ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื”, ืžืขื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชื•ื•ื™ื ืœื• ื‘ืžืขืžื“, ื‘ืชื”ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืฉืœื”ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ. ื”ื–ื™ืจื” ืื™ื ื ื” ืจืง ืžืงื•ื ืงืจื‘; ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžื”. ื•ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ โ€” ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘.

ื–ื”ื• ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืขื˜ื•ืฃ ื‘ื˜ืงืกื™ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื•ื‘ืžืกื•ืจืช ืืจื•ื›ืช ืฉื ื™ื. ืœื›ืœ ื”ื•ืคืขื” ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช, ื•ืœื›ืœ ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื™ืฉ ื–ื”ื•ืช โ€” ื›ื™ื ื•ื™, ืกืžืœ, ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื•ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช. ื”ื–ื™ืจื” ืžืœืื” ื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ ืขื‘ืจ ืžืคื•ืืจื™ื: ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ืื’ื“ื™ื™ื, ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืงืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื—ื™ื, ื•ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ืฉื”ืคื›ื• ืœืžื™ืชื•ืก. ืžืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื ื™ืฆื‘ ืžืขื™ืŸ ืคื ืชื™ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื โ€” ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ืžื”ืขื‘ืจ ืฉื–ื›ื• ืœืชื”ื™ืœืช ืขื•ืœืžื™ื, ื•ืฉืืœื™ื”ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืืœ ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ืงื•ื™.

ื”ื“ืจืš ืืœ ื”ืชื”ื™ืœื” ืงืฉื” ื•ืื›ื–ืจื™ืช. ื”ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืงืฉื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื”: ืžืฉืžืขืช ื ื•ืงืฉื”, ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื ืžืคืจื›ื™ื ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื, ืชืจื’ื•ืœ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืกืง ืฉืœ ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ืกื™ื‘ื•ืœืช, ื›ืื‘ ื•ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช. ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืจืง ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื–ืง: ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื•ื™ืง, ืžืžื•ืฉืžืข, ื•ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื’ื•ืคื• ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข.

ื”ื–ื™ืจื” ืขืฆืžื” ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืงื•ื ืกืœื—ื ื™. ื›ืœ ื˜ืขื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืจื’ืข ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœื•ื—ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืงืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ืžื•ืœ ืงื”ืœ ืฆืžื ืœื“ื, ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื•ืชื”ื™ืœื”. ื”ืงื”ืœ ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉ ืจืง ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ โ€” ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืคืฉ ืžื—ื–ื”. ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืฉื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืš ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืจื’ืฉ, ืœื”ืคื—ื™ื“, ืœืจืชืง ืื• ืœื”ืœื”ื™ื‘, ื™ืชืงืฉื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช.

ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžื™ ืฉืฉื•ืจื“ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื–ืืช ื•ืžืฆืœื™ื— โ€” ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื•. ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืงื”ืœ ืžืขืจื™ืฆื™ื ื ืืžืŸ, ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืื•ื”ื“ื™ื, ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืืฃ ื™ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื”ืœื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืฉืžื ื ื™ืฉื ื‘ืคื™ ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ, ื“ืžื•ืชื ืžืฆื•ื™ืจืช ืขืœ ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืคื•ืกืœื•ืช ื‘ืคืกืœื™ื, ื•ืฉืžื•ืขื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืง ืœืฉื•ืง ื•ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืขื™ืจ.

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืื™ื ื• ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉืœื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ. ืœื”ื™ืคืš: ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ืžืžื ื• ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœื‘ื•ืŸ. ืคื•ื ื“ืงืื™ื, ืกื•ื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ืืฆื™ืœื™ื, ื™ืจืื• ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืืจื—ื•, ืœืฆื™ื™ื“ื• ืื• ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื• ืžืชื ื•ืช, ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื™ื™ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืื• ื™ื›ื‘ื“ ืื•ืชื ื‘ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืชื•. ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื•ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืชื ืžื•ืฉื›ืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืืœื™ื• ื™ื’ื™ืขื•.

ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืฆื ืช. ื”ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžืื•ืจ ื”ื–ืจืงื•ืจื™ื, ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืฉื—ืง ืžื•ืœ ืงื”ืœ, ืœื ืฆืœ ืืช ืจื’ืขื™ ื”ืฉื™ื, ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืืฃ ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื ื“ืžื•ืช โ€” ืื›ื–ืจื™ืช, ื”ืจื•ืื™ืช, ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ืช ืื• ืคืจื•ื‘ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช โ€” ืฉืชืฉืจืช ืื•ืชื ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ื•ืžื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื”. ืขื‘ื•ืจื, ื”ืงืจื‘ ืื™ื ื ื• ืจืง ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ โ€” ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื’ื”.

ื™ืฉ ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื ืชื“ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืคืœืฆืช ื—ืกืจืช ืจื—ืžื™ื, ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ื›ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ืืฆื™ืœื™ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื” ื”ืžื˜ืคื—ื™ื ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ืŸ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื–ื”ื•ืชื. ืœืขื™ืชื™ื, ื”ืงื”ืœ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืœื•ื—ื ืขืฆืžื•. ื™ืฉื ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžืงื“ื™ืฉื™ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ืฉืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืกื›ื”, ืฆื‘ืขื™ ื”ื‘ื’ื“, ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœื–ื™ืจื” ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื™ื ื™ืคื• ืืช ื ืฉืงื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงืจื‘.

ืืš ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืžืกืชืชืจืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืงืฉื”. ื–ื”ื• ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ืžืื•ื“, ืขื ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืงืฆืจื”. ืจื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื–ื›ื• ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืฉืœื”ื. ืคืฆื™ืขื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช, ืžื•ื•ืช ืคืชืื•ืžื™, ืงืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ื’ื ื™ื ืื• ืงื”ืœ ืฉืžืื‘ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ โ€” ื›ืœ ืืœื• ืื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื•.

ืจืง ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืฉืจื•ื“ ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ โ€” ื•ืืœื” ืฉื›ืŸ, ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืขื•ืฉืจ ืจื‘. ื”ื ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ื—ืฆื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื: ื•ื™ืœื•ืช ืžืคื•ืืจื•ืช, ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื, ื ืฉืงื™ื ื™ืงืจื™ื, ืขื‘ื“ื™ื, ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจืื•ื•ืชื ื™ื•ืช โ€” ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื”ื ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืฆืœื™ื—.

ืขื ื–ืืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชืงืจื‘ ืงืจื‘ ื’ื“ื•ืœ โ€” ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืžืฉืชื ื”. ืื– ื ืขืœืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื•: ืœื•ื—ื ืžืžื•ืฉืžืข. ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื, ืžืฉื˜ืจ ืงืคื“ื ื™, ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืžื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช, ื—ื–ืจื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืกืงื•ืช ืขืœ ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช โ€” ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืจื’ืข ืื—ื“ ื‘ื–ื™ืจื”, ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืžื•ื›ืจืข.

ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช. ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“, ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืชื”ื™ืœื”, ืชืฉื•ืงื”, ื”ืขืจืฆื” ื•ืขื•ืฉืจ; ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™, ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื›ืื‘, ืคื—ื“ ืžืชืžื™ื“ ื•ืžืฉืžืขืช ื—ืกืจืช ืคืฉืจื•ืช. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ืœื—ืฅ ืขืœื™ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ืงื”ืœ ืžืฆืคื” ืžืžื ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ, ืœืžื—ื–ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœืจื’ืข ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื— ื ื•ืกืฃ.

ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืื™ื ื ื• ืจืง ืœื•ื—ื โ€” ื”ื•ื ืกืžืœ. ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื”ืขืชื™ืงื” ืœื›ื•ื—, ืœืกื›ื ื”, ืœืชื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืœืžื—ื–ื” ื”ื“ืžื™ื. ื‘ื–ื™ืจื”, ืชื—ืช ืฉืื’ืช ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืจื’ืข ืื—ื“ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื.

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ โ€” ื˜ื‘ืœืช ื“ืจื’ื•ืช

ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืชื›ื•ื—ึพืกื‘ืœืฉื ื“ืจื’ื”ื“ืจื’ื”
902+ืื™ืฉ ื–ื™ืจื”1
2702+ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื”ืจืฉืช*2
5202+ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื”ื ืฉืง*3
8202+ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื”ืžื’ืŸ4
1,2002+ืœื•ื—ื ื–ื™ืจื”*5
1,7503+ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื–ื™ืจื”6
2,4703+ืืœื•ืฃ ื–ื™ืจื”7
3,3703+ืœื•ื—ื ืžื‘ื•ืš*8
4,6003+ืื™ืžืช ื”ื’ื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื™ื+9
6,2003+ืื™ืžืช ื”ืื•ืจืงื™ื+10
8,7004+ืื™ืžืช ื”ืื•ื’ืจื™ื*11
12,2004+ืื™ืžืช ื”ื˜ืจื•ืœื™ื+12
17,0004+ืื™ืžืช ื”ืขื ืงื™ื+13
24,0004+ืื™ืžืช ื”ื“ืจืงื•ื ื™ื+14
32,0004+ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ*15
43,0005+ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžื‘ื•ืš16
58,0005+ืืœื•ืฃ ืžื‘ื•ืš17
76,0005+ืืœื•ืฃ ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ+18
18,000+ ืœื›ืœ ื“ืจื’ื” ื ื•ืกืคืชโ€”โ€”19+

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ โ€” ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช

ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื ืฉืง ื•ืงืจื‘

ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”
1D6+4ื—ื“ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื3D8ืงื”ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื4D6ื”ื˜ืœื” ืงื˜ื ื™ื
2D6ืงืฉืชื•ืช2D6ืจื•ื‘ื™ ืงืฉืชโ€”ืงืกืžื™ ื”ืชืงืคื”
1D10+5ื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื5D10ืงื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื2D8ื”ื˜ืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื
2D4ืจื•ื’ื˜ืงื•ืช / ืงืœืขื™ื3D12ื—ื“ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื4D10ืงื”ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื
3D4ื—ื“ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื“2D6ืงื”ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื“3D8ื—ื ื™ืชื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื
1D10+5ืžื’ื™ื ื™ื1D10+5ืžื’ืŸ ื›ื›ืœื™ ื”ืชืงืคื”5D10ื ืฉืงื™ ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื•ื’ืžื™ืฉื™ื
4D8ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื

ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื˜ื—, ืชื ื•ืขื” ื•ื”ืกื•ื•ืื”

ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”
1D6ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืขืฆื™ื3D6ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืื‘ืŸ2D6ื ื™ืชื•ืจ
1D6ื›ื™ืคื•ืฃ ืžืชื›ื•ืช5D12ืคืจื™ืฆืช ื“ืœืชื•ืช3D6ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ื—ื‘ืœ
4D8ื—ื•ืฉ ื”ืชืžืฆืื•ืช1D6ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืฉืงื˜ื”1D10+4ืคืจื™ืฆืช ืžื ืขื•ืœื™ื
2D6ื”ื›ื ืช ืžืืจื‘ื™ื2D6ื”ื›ื ืช ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช3D6ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ
2D6ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ื ื•ื™1D4ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื”ืจืจื™ืช1D4ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ื™ืฆืชื™
1D4ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ืช1D4ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžื•ืฉืœื’1D4ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืฉืœื’ ื•ื‘ืงืจื—
4D8ืชื ื•ืขื” ื•ื”ืกืชืชืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืœื•ืช1D4ืฉื—ื™ื™ื”1D4ืฉื™ื˜
3D6ืจื›ื™ื‘ื”1D4ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ ืžืฉืงืœ2D6ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื™ื

ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™, ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื•ื™ื“ืข

ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”
1D4ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื“ื™ืžื•ื1D4ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื—ื ื”4D10ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขื™ืงื•ื‘
3D8ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช1D6ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื•ืื‘ื ื™ื ื™ืงืจื•ืช1D6ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื—ืคืฆื™ื
1D4ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืื•ืžื ื•ืช1D4ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ื3D8ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ื‘ืฉื”
1D6ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ1D6ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืืœึพืžืชื™ื2D6ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ืงืกื ื•ืฉื“ื™ื
2D6ื”ื›ืจืช ืจืขืœื™ื ื•ืกืžื™ื1D4ืจื•ืงื—ื•ืช1D4+1ื”ื›ืจืช ื ื™ืžื•ืกื™ื
1D8ื”ื›ืจืช ืืžื•ื ื•ืช2D6ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืคื•ืช

ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืœืื›ื”

ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”
1D8ืคื™ืชื•ื™1D6ืฉื›ื ื•ืข4D8ื”ืคื—ื“ื”
1D6ืžื™ืงื•ื—2D8ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”2D8ื”ื•ื ืื” ื•ืฉืงืจ
5D10ื”ืชื—ืคืฉื•ืช1D4ื ื’ื™ื ื”1D4ืฉื™ืจื”
2D8ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื›ืœื™ ื ืฉืง ื•ืฉืจื™ื•ืŸ4D12ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื2D6ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ืคืฆื™ื
1D10ื”ื—ื‘ืืช ื—ืคืฆื™ื3D6ืงืฉื™ืจืช ื—ื‘ืœื™ื

13.9.1 ๐ŸŸ๏ธ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ

๐Ÿ›๏ธ ื“ืจื’ื” 3 โ€“ ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ื ืก

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” 3 ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืœืื—ื“ ื”ืจื’ืขื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื•. ืขื“ ืœืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืื—ื“ ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ื”ืืœืžื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืื›ืœืกื™ื ืืช ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื”. ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื‘ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ "ืžื—ืžืžื™ ืงืจื‘ื•ืช", ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœื–ื™ืจื”, ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื•ื ืขืœืžื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ืงื”ืœ ื™ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืฉืžื ืื• ืืช ืคื ื™ื”ื.

ืขื ื”ื’ืขืชื• ืœื“ืจื’ื” 3 ืžืฉืชื ื” ืžืฆื‘ื•. ืžืขืชื” ื”ื•ื ื—ื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขืœืช ื–ื”ื•ืช ืžืฉืœื”. ื”ืงื”ืœ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืื•ืชื•, ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื• ื•ืœืคืชื— ื›ืœืคื™ื• ืื”ื“ื”, ื”ืขืจืฆื” ืื• ืฉื ืื”. ื–ื”ื• ื”ืฉืœื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื ื•ืœื“ ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ.

ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื›ืš ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ื™ื ื•ื™. ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ื•, ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื” ืฉืœื•, ืžืจืื”ื• ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™, ืžื•ืฆืื• ืื• ืื™ืจื•ืข ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœื™ื•. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ "ืื’ืจื•ืฃ ื”ื‘ืจื–ืœ", "ื–ืื‘ ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ", "ื”ื ื—ืฉ ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจ", "ืงื•ืจืข ื”ืฉืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช" ืื• "ืจืขื ื”ืฆืคื•ืŸ".

ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ืงื”ืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉืžืขื ื™ืง ืœื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืืช ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ื•. ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื›ื–ื” ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืœืืžืฅ ืืช ื”ืฉื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืขื™ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™.

ืžืจื’ืข ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจ ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื•ื ื ืจืฉื ื‘"ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื™ืจื”" โ€” ื”ืžืจืฉื ื”ืจืฉืžื™ ืฉืœ ืžืžืœื›ืช ื”ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ืืœื™ื™ื. ืกืคืจ ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžื“ืจื’ื” 3 ื•ืžืขืœื”, ื•ืœืืฃ ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื•.

ืื ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืฆืขื™ืจ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืืžืฅ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืืช ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืฉืžืช, ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช, ืืš ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฆืจืฃ ืžืกืคืจ ืกื™ื“ื•ืจื™ ืœืฉืžื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ:

ื”ื“ืจืงื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจ II

ืื’ืจื•ืฃ ื”ืจืขื IV

ืงื•ืจืข ื”ืฉืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช III

ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื ืฉืžืจืช ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื™ืจื”, ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื–ื›ืจื ืฉืœ ื”ืืœื•ืคื™ื ืฉืงื“ืžื• ืœื•.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžืžืœื›ืช ื”ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื ืฉืง ืื™ืฉื™ ืœืคื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื•. ื ืฉืง ื–ื” ืžื™ื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื ืฉืง ืจื’ื™ืœ.

ื‘ึพ90% ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ื”ื ืฉืง ืžื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจื™ื ื•ื ื“ื™ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ึพ10% ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ืืฃ ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ืฉื‘ื—ื” ืงืกื•ืžื”.

ื”ื ืฉืง ืžืขื ื™ืง ื‘ื•ื ื•ืก ืฉืœ 50+ ืขื“ 100+ ืœืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื”, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื ื“ื™ืจื•ืชื• ื•ืœืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื•. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ืฉืง ื ื“ื™ืจ ื•ืืงื–ื•ื˜ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ื”ื‘ื•ื ื•ืก ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ื—ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื™ื ืฉืขืฆื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื• ืžืขื ื™ืง ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฉืœื•.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืžืขื ื™ืง ื”ื ืฉืง:

2+ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื”.

ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืชื• ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœื• ื ืงื‘ืขืช ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉืง ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืจืš 100.

ื›ืš ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”:

ื—ืจื‘ ื”ื ืฉื‘ืจืช ื‘ึพ80 ืชื™ืฉื‘ืจ ืžืขืชื” ื‘ึพ90.

ื’ืจื–ืŸ ื”ื ืฉื‘ืจ ื‘ึพ70 ืชื™ืฉื‘ืจ ืžืขืชื” ื‘ึพ85.

ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ื•ืคืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœืื—ื“ ืžืกื™ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ื™ื›ืจ ื”ืžื–ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ, ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืืช ืืœื™ืœื ืœืคื™ ื”ื ืฉืง ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืืฉืจ ืœืคื™ ืคื ื™ื•.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืœ ืืœื• ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืก ืฉืœื• โ€” ืกืžืœื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ื‘ื–ื™ืจื”.

ื”ื ืก ื”ื•ื ื—ื ื™ืช ื˜ืงืกื™ืช ืžืขื•ื˜ืจืช, ื”ื ื™ืฉืืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืงืจื‘ ืจืฉืžื™. ืœืคื ื™ ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ืœื–ื™ืจื” ืฆื•ืขื“ ื ืขืจ ื–ื™ืจื” ืœืคื ื™ื• ื•ืžืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ื ืก ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืงื”ืœ ื‘ื˜ืงืก ื—ื’ื™ื’ื™.

ืขืœ ื”ื ืก ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืœืฉืœื‘ ื›ืจืฆื•ื ื•:

ื ื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.

ืกืžืœื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื.

ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื.

ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช.

ืกืžืœื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื™ื•.

ื“ื’ืœื™ื ื•ื™ืจื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื“ ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื•ืช.

ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” "ื”ื“ืจืงื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจ" ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฉืœื‘ ืคืกืœื•ืŸ ื“ืจืงื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ื ืก, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉ"ื”ื ืฉืจ ื”ืœื‘ืŸ" ื™ืขื“ื™ืฃ ื ื•ืฆื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ื›ื ืคื™ื™ื ืคืจื•ืฉื•ืช.

ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื•ืคืš ื”ื ืก ืœืื—ื“ ืžืกืžืœื™ ื”ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ. ืื•ื”ื“ื™ื• ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืจื—ื•ืง, ื™ืจื™ื‘ื™ื• ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ืžืžื ื•, ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืขืจื›ื• ื”ืกืžืœื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืžื• ืขืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืขืฆืžื•.

๐Ÿ›๏ธ ื“ืจื’ื” 5 โ€“ ื”ืขืจืฆืช ื”ืงื”ืœ

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” 5 ื”ื•ืคืš ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืœืœื•ื—ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื•ืžื•ื›ืจ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ื–ื™ืจื•ืช. ืฉืžื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื›ืจ ืจืง ืœืžืืจื’ื ื™ ื”ืงืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื™ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•, ืืœื ื’ื ืœืงื”ืœ ื”ืฆื•ืคื™ื. ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืจื•ื›ืฉ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื—ื•ื’ ืื•ื”ื“ื™ื ื ืืžืŸ, ื”ืžื’ื™ืข ืคืขื ืื—ืจ ืคืขื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื•, ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ืื•ืชื•, ืžื”ืžืจ ืขืœ ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ื ื• ื•ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื• ื“ืžื•ืช ืœื”ืขืจืฆื”.

ืื”ื“ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืจืง ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™. ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ืืœื™ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืืžื•ื ื” ืขืชื™ืงื” ื›ื™ ืจื’ืฉื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืืœืคื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื”ืžืชืžืงื“ื™ื ื‘ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื›ื•ื— ืžืžืฉื™. ื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืงื”ืœ ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื’ืœ ืฉืœ ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืขืฆื™ืžื” ืืช ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ. ื›ืš ืื• ื›ืš, ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”: ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ืขืจืฆืช ื”ืงื”ืœ ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžืขืฉื™ื ื”ื ืจืื™ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื.

ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื–ื• ื ืงืจืืช ื”ืขืจืฆืช ื”ืงื”ืœ.

ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืชืคืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืชื ืื™ื:

ืœืคื—ื•ืช 75% ืžื”ืงื”ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืงืจื‘.

ื”ืงื”ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืฆืขื•ืง ื™ื—ื“ ื•ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืื—ื™ื“ ืื—ืช ืžืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืขื™ื“ื•ื“.

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื•ืช.

ื”ืฉืคืขืช ืžื™ืœืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืงื”ืœ ืฆืขืง ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ ืงืจื‘ ืจืฆื•ืคื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืงื”ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืงืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื•.

ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืฉืชื™ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืœืžืขื˜ ืžื™ืœืช ื”ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช "ื›ื™ื ื•ื™", ื”ื›ืคื•ืคื” ืœื›ืœืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.

๐Ÿ“ฃ "ืืœึพืคื—ื“"

ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฉื•ืื’ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ืืœึพืคื—ื“!", ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ื‘ืœื‘ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขืฆื•ืžื”. ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืืœืคื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ื• ื•ื“ื•ื—ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืงื“ื™ืžื”.

ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฉื›ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”:

ืขืจืš ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœึพ100 ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™.

ื‘ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœื”ืคื—ื™ื“ื•, ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ืจื•ื—ื• ืื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื• ืœื”ืกืก.

๐Ÿ“ฃ "ืืœึพืžื›ืื•ื‘"

ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืงื”ืœ ืงื•ืจื "ืืœึพืžื›ืื•ื‘!", ืžืฆื™ืฃ ื’ืœ ืื“ืจื ืœื™ืŸ ืืช ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ.

ื”ื•ื ื—ื“ืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืื‘, ื•ืขืฆื‘ื™ ื’ื•ืคื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžืชืงื”ื™ื.

ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฉื›ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”:

ื›ืœ ื ื–ืง ืฉื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืกื•ืคื’ ืžื•ืคื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฆื™.

ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืกื™ื ื”ื ื’ืจืžื™ื ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืคืฆื™ืขื•ืช ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.

ืคืฆืขื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ, ืืš ื”ืฉืคืขืชื ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื• ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ืจื’ืฉืช.

๐Ÿ“ฃ "ืขื•ืฆืžื”"

ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฉื•ืื’ "ืขื•ืฆืžื”!", ื ื“ืžื” ืฉื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืชืงืฉื” ื•ื”ื•ืคืš ื—ื–ืง ื›ื‘ืจื–ืœ.

ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื• ืžืชื ืคื—ื™ื, ื ืฉื™ืžืชื• ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ื•ื’ื•ืคื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืกืคื•ื’ ืคื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืžืžื•ื˜ื˜ื•ืช ืื•ืชื•.

ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฉื›ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”:

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื‘ืœ 4+ ืœื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื”.

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื‘ืœ 2+ ืœื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื’ื•ืคื•.

๐Ÿ“ฃ "ืžื•ื•ืช"

ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžื™ืœืช ื”ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืงื”ืœ ื”ื–ื™ืจื•ืช.

ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืฉืžืขืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืขืžื“ื” ืขื“ื™ืคื” ื•ื”ืงื”ืœ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื”.

ื›ืืฉืจ ืืœืคื™ ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ืื’ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ "ืžื•ื•ืช!", ื ื“ืžื” ื›ื™ ื’ื•ืจืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืจื™ื‘ ืขืฆืžื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื ื’ื“ื•.

ืœืงืจื™ืื” ื–ื• ืฉื ื™ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื:

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื‘ืœ 50+ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื”.

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื‘ืœ 10%+ ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ:

ื”ื™ืจื™ื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ืื™ืžื” ื‘ึพ20%-.

ืขืจืš ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืจื™ื‘ ื™ื•ืจื“ ื‘ึพ25 ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื ืžืฉื›ืช.

ื™ืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื ืฉื‘ืจื• ืชื—ืช ื”ืœื—ืฅ ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขืฆื•ื ืฉืœ ืืœืคื™ ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœืžื•ืชื.

๐Ÿ“ฃ "ื›ื™ื ื•ื™"

ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžื™ืœืช ื”ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื ื“ื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžื™ืœื” ืจื’ื™ืœื”, ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฆื•ืขืง ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ.

ืงืจื™ืื” ื–ื• ืžื•ืฉืžืขืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ืคืกื™ื“, ืœื”ื™ืคืฆืข ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืื• ืœืžื•ืช.

ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ืชื ืื™ื ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื:

ืœืคื—ื•ืช 90% ืžืŸ ื”ืงื”ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ.

ืืกื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ืคืขืœื” ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ ืืฃ ืžื™ืœืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืื—ืจืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืงืจื‘.

ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืืฃ ืžื™ืœืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื ื•ืกืคืช.

ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”, ื–ื•ืจืžืช ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืื“ื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื“ื—ื•ืง ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื.

ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื ืžืฉื›ืช:

ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื’ื“ืœื•ืช ื‘ึพ50%.

ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ึพ15.

ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืœืช ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ืฉืœื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ึพ10.

ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ึพ10.

ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ืฉืœื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ึพ25.

ื”ืงืจึพืจื•ื— ืฉืœื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ึพ20.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ:

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืื™ืžื”.

ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืคื—ื“ ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ึพ50%.

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ ืงืจื‘ ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืคื•ืช, ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื’ื ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ:

ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืžืขืžื“ืช ื”ื’ื ื” ืœืขืžื“ืช ื”ืชืงืคื”, ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืจื’ืข. ืžืขื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžืชื‘ืฆืข ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืงืจื‘, ืืš ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื“ื™ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืชื‘ื•ืกื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžืคื•ืืจ.

ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื ื”ื•ื’ ืœื•ืžืจ:

"ื”ืงื”ืœ ื‘ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื“ื, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ืขืง ืืช ืฉืžืš โ€” ื”ื•ื ื ืœื—ื ืœืฆื™ื“ืš."

ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืขืจืฆืช ื”ืงื”ืœ ืœืื—ื“ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืจื’ื– ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืฆืœื™ื—. ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื”ื™ื ื—ื–ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ื ืฉืง ืื• ืฉืจื™ื•ืŸ.

๐Ÿ›๏ธ ื“ืจื’ื” 8 โ€“ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” 8 ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืœืฉืœื‘ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื• ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช. ืขื“ ื›ื” ื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื›ืœื•ื—ื ื–ื™ืจื”, ืืš ืžืขืชื” ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืคืชื— ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœื” ืื•ืชื• ืžื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืžืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื–ื™ืจื” ื•ื”ืžื‘ื•ืš ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ืืœื™ื™ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ื ื ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืจืง ืขืœ ื›ื•ื—ื ื•ืขืœ ืื•ืžืฅ ืœื‘ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืขืœ ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื”ื ืœืฉืจื•ื“ ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื›ื™ื, ื‘ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื.

ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืื—ืช ืžืืจื‘ืข ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช: ืฉืœื™ื˜ ื”ืคืชื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื, ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช, ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฉื™ื ืื• ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ืฆื™ื™ืช ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ.

ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืฉืงืคืช ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืืช ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื•ื”ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื•. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื”, ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื’ื ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืืš ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืชื”ืคื•ืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื–ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืžื•.

๐Ÿšช ืฉืœื™ื˜ ื”ืคืชื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื

ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื›ื™ื, ืงื‘ืจื™ื ืขืชื™ืงื™ื, ืžืฆื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ืขืจื™ื ืชืชึพืงืจืงืขื™ื•ืช. ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื–ื• ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืืœื• ืฉื”ืคื›ื• ืœืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ื ืกืชืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื“ื™ืจื” ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืื—ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”ื.

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื‘ืœ 150+ ื‘ืคืจื™ืฆืช ื“ืœืชื•ืช ื•- 150+ ื‘ืคืจื™ืฆืช ืžื ืขื•ืœื™ื.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืคืชื—ื™ื ืกื’ื•ืจื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื ื™ื— ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœ ื“ืœืช, ืฉืขืจ, ื—ืœื•ืŸ ืื• ื›ืœ ืคืชื— ืื—ืจ ื•ืžืชืจื›ื– ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉื—ืง, ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืคืชื—. ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืชืคืขืœ, ืžืฉืงืœื ื”ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืขืฉืจื” ืงื™ืœื•ื’ืจืžื™ื. ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืื™ื ื” ืžืกืคืงืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื, ืกื•ื’ื ืื• ื’ื•ื“ืœื.

ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื•ืžื“ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ. ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืœ ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืขื“ ืœืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžืจื•ื—ื‘ ื”ืคืชื— ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืจื’ื™ืœื”. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœื–ื—ื•ืœ ืœืื•ืจืš ืžื ื”ืจื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช, ืืš ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ืคืชื—ื™ื, ื—ืจื›ื™ื ื•ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืจืื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื“ื ืจื’ื™ืœ. ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื–ื• ืžืฉืชืคืจืช ื‘ึพ5% ืœื›ืœ ื“ืจื’ื” ืžืขืœ ื“ืจื’ื” 8, ืขื“ ืœืžืงืกื™ืžื•ื ืฉืœ 25%.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืคืชื— ื—ื•ืฉ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ ืœืคืชื—ื™ื ื•ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื. ืื ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืœืฃ ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ืขื“ ื—ืฆื™ ืžื˜ืจ ืžืžืขื‘ืจ ื ืกืชืจ, ื”ื•ื ื™ื’ืœื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžืจื—ืง:

ืžืจื—ืง ืžื”ืคืชื—ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™
0.5โ€“0.7 ืžื˜ืจ90%
0.7โ€“0.9 ืžื˜ืจ75%
0.9โ€“1.2 ืžื˜ืจ60%
1.2โ€“1.5 ืžื˜ืจ40%
1.5โ€“2 ืžื˜ืจ10%

๐Ÿชค ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช

ื™ืฉื ื ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืื•ื‘ืกืกื™ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช. ื”ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ, ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ ื•ืืฃ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื.

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื‘ืœ 50%+ ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืื ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ืขื“ 30 ืก"ืž ืžืžืœื›ื•ื“ืช ื’ืœื•ื™ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ืกื•ื ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ื ื”, ื”ื•ื ืžื’ืœื” ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™, ื’ื ืœืœื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช.

ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืœืžื“ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืขื•ืžืง ืืช ื“ืจืš ืคืขื•ืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ืžืจื—ื•ืง. ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื›ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืขืฉืจื” ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื•ื‘ืงื• ืจืื™ื™ื” ื™ืฉื™ืจ. ื”ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืžื˜ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื“ืจื’ื” ืžืขืœ ื“ืจื’ื” 8.

ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืœืช "ืืœึพืžืœื›ื•ื“ืช". ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืœืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืžืœื, ื ื•ืฆืจืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื• ื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืžื•ื ืขืช ืžืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื ื’ื“ื•. ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื”ื™ืœื” ืคืขื™ืœื”, ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื›ืช, ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืื• ืœืฉื‘ืช ืœืœื ื—ืฉืฉ ืžืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช. ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืกื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ.

๐Ÿ‘๏ธ ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฉื™ื

ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ืงื“ืฉืช ืœื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืืช ื—ื•ืฉื™ื”ื ืœืจืžื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ืขืœึพืื ื•ืฉื™ืช.

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื‘ืœ 50%+ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื—ื ื”.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืื—ื“ ืžื—ื•ืฉื™ื• ื•ืžืขืœื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” ืื—ืช. ื”ื—ืœ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื–ื•, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจื’ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื™ืงื‘ืœ, ื”ื•ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื—ื•ืฉ ืื—ืช ืฉืื•ืชื” ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื•ืฉื™ื•.

ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื™ื:

ืžื“ืจื’ื” 2 ืœึพ3 โ€“ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืื—ืช.

ืžื“ืจื’ื” 3 ืœึพ4 โ€“ ืฉืชื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช.

ืžื“ืจื’ื” 4 ืœึพ5 โ€“ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช.

ื“ืจื’ื” 5 ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ืœื—ื•ืฉ.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฉื™ื ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจึพื—ื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื:

ืจืื™ื™ืช ืœื™ืœื” โ€“ ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื›ื” ืขื“ ืœืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ 100 ืžื˜ืจ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืš ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขื“ 50 ืžื˜ืจ.

ืจืื™ื™ืช ืื™ื ืคืจื ืื“ื•ื โ€“ ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ืขื“ 30 ืžื˜ืจ.

ืฉืžื™ืขื” ื˜ื•ื ืจื™ืช โ€“ ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื™ื, ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื“ึพืงื•ืœ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืขื“ 70 ืžื˜ืจ.

๐Ÿง  ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ืฆื™ื™ืช ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ

ื™ืฉื ื ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืฉ ืื—ื“ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืืœื ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื‘ื˜ืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช. ื”ื ืื™ื ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืื• ื—ื•ืฉื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื โ€” ืืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ื ืฆื•ื“ืงื™ื.

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืœื™ื˜ ื”ืคืชื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ื•ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฉ ืฉื™ืฉื™. ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉ ื ืงื‘ืขืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื’ืœื’ื•ืœ ืงื•ื‘ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืœืœื™ ืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื ืงื˜.

ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ืฆื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืš. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžื‘ื•ืš, ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื ื”ืจื•ืช, ื‘ื—ื•ืจื‘ื” ืื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžืกืคืจ ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ื ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืžื”ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื• ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช. ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ืืš ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื“ื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืขืจืš ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื” ื”ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžื•ื›ืคืœ. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื• ื”ื™ื• ืœื• 4 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืชื‘ื•ื ื” ื•ื›ืขืช ื ื•ืชืจื” ืœื• ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืœืื—ืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื–ื• ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ืขืจืš ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื” ืฉืœื• ืขืœ 5 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืื—ื“ ืžื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืคืชืขื”.

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” 9: ืžืคืชื— ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื’ื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืขืœึพืคื” ืืช ื“ืจืš ืœื—ื™ืžืชื, ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื• ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชืงืคื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื‘ื”ื’ื ื•ืชื™ื•. ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ 25+ ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื•ื›ืŸ 2+ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื”.

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื :10 ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื“ืจื’ื 9, ืืœื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ืื•ืจืงื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื”ื.

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื :11 ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื“ืจื’ื 9, ืืœื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ืื•ื’ืจื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื”ื.

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื :12 ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื“ืจื’ื 9, ืืœื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ื˜ืจื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื”ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื–ืืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช, ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื–ืืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื•.

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื :13 ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื“ืจื’ื 9, ืืœื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ืขื ืงื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื”ื.

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื :14 ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื“ืจื’ื 9, ืืœื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ื“ืจืงื•ื ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื”ื.

๐Ÿ›๏ธ ื“ืจื’ื” 15 โ€“ ื”ื—ืจื‘ ื”ืžืฉืชื ื”

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” 15 ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืœืฉื™ื ืžืขืžื“ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื™ืจื•ืช. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืขื•ื“ ืœืœื•ื—ื ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืœื ืœืื—ืช ื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื”. ื›ืื•ืช ืœื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื•, ืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ืœื• ืžืžืœื›ื™ ื”ื–ื™ืจื” ื•ื”ืžื‘ื•ืš ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ืืœื™ื™ื ืืช ืื—ืช ื”ืžืชื ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืื™ึพืคืขื ืœื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ โ€“ ื”ื—ืจื‘ ื”ืžืฉืชื ื”.

ื”ื—ืจื‘ ืžื—ื•ืฉืœืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžืชื›ืช ื”ืื’ื“ื™ืช ืงืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ืžืชื›ืช ืงืกื•ืžื”, ืฉืงื•ืคื” ืœืžื—ืฆื” ื•ื‘ืขืœืช ืชื‘ื•ื ื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช. ื”ืงืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื—ืจืฉื™ ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืขื‘ื“ื• ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืงื ืื•ืช ืขืœ ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืœืื›ืชื.

ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืจืฉืื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืฆื•ืจืช ื ืฉืง ืชื—ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืžืชื›ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื•. ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืื—ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช:

ื—ืจื‘ ืงื˜ื ื”.

ื—ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืชืจืช.

ืกื›ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื“ื™ื.

ืคื’ื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืจื˜ื™.

ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฆื•ืจืชื• ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช, ื–ื”ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ืื•ืชื• ื ืฉืง ืื’ื“ื™, ื•ื”ืงืกื ื”ื˜ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืชื›ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉืžืขื ื™ืง ืœื• ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื•.

ื”ื—ืจื‘ ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืช ืฉืžื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืขื•ืฆืžืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืงื‘ื•ืขื”. ื”ืงืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื™ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื“ืžื ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ืจื‘ ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ืœื ื™ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื ื’ื“ ื’ื–ืข ืžืกื•ื™ื ื•ื—ืœืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ื ื’ื“ ื’ื–ืข ืื—ืจ. ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ื ื‘ื’ื–ืขื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืœื ืงื™ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืชื™ึพื”ื’ื–ืขื™ื. ื–ืื‘ ืฉืœื’, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžื–ืื‘ ื™ืขืจ, ืืฃ ืฉืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžื™ืŸ.

ืœื›ืœ ื—ืจื‘ ืžืฉืชื ื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื˜ื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืืžื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืžืฉืœื”. ืฉืชื™ ื—ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ืŸ ื–ื”ื•ืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืจืืฉ ืืช ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ื—ืจื‘ ืื—ืจืช. ืขืœ ื”ืฉื—ืงืŸ ืœื ื”ืœ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืคื’ืฉ ื•ืฉืœ ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื—ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื•, ืฉื›ืŸ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ืื•ืชื• ื’ื–ืข.

ืœื›ืœ ื’ื–ืข ื•ืชืชึพื’ื–ืข ื ืงื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืงืจืื™ ืฉื ื™ ืขืจื›ื™ื:

ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืจื‘.

ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ื ื–ืง ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืจืžืช.

ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื ืงื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืœื” ื”ื‘ืื”:

1D100ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื”ืคื’ื™ืขื”
01220-1D2
02โ€“05180-1D3
06โ€“10120-1D3+2
11โ€“1790-1D4+2
18โ€“2560-1D6+1
26โ€“3520-1D8
36โ€“4501D8+1
46โ€“5510+1D10
56โ€“6430+1D8+3
65โ€“7260+1D10+2
73โ€“8090+1D12+1
81โ€“85120+1D10+3
86โ€“90150+1D12+3
91โ€“94180+1D12+4
95โ€“97200+1D15
98โ€“99225+1D20
00250+1D20+2

ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื”, ืžื’ืœื” ื”ื—ืจื‘ ื›ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ื’ื–ืข ื’ื ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืื—ืช, ื”ื ืงื‘ืขืช ืืฃ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืงืจืื™ ื•ื ืฉืืจืช ืงื‘ื•ืขื” ืœืื•ืชื• ื’ื–ืข ืœืขื“.

ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ:

ืงื•ื˜ืœ.

ืจืขืœ.

ืžื—ืœื”.

ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช.

ื—ื•ื.

ืงื•ืจ.

ื—ืฉืžืœ.

ื—ื•ืžืฆื”.

๐Ÿ”ฅ ืคื’ื™ืขืช ื—ื•ื

ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื—ืจื‘ ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ ืื—ืช, ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ืจืคืช ืืช ื”ืคืฆืข ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื™ืช ื—ื•ื ืงืกื•ืžื”.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื ื–ืง ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ืกื•ืคื’ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ 1D4+2 ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.

ืื ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืขื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืคืจื•ื•ื” ืื• ื ื•ืฉื ื—ื•ืžืจ ื“ืœื™ืง, ืงื™ื™ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉืœ 25% ืฉื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื™ืขืœื” ื‘ืืฉ.

โ„๏ธ ืคื’ื™ืขืช ืงื•ืจ

ืื ื”ื”ืชืงืคื” ื’ืจืžื” ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืชื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ, ืžืฉื—ืจืจืช ื”ื—ืจื‘ ืื ืจื’ื™ื™ืช ืงื•ืจ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช.

ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืกื•ืคื’ 1D4+4 ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.

ื›ื ื’ื“ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืคืจื•ื•ื” ื”ื ื–ืง ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ ืžืชื—ืœืง ื‘ืฉื ื™ื™ื.

โšก ืคื’ื™ืขืช ื—ืฉืžืœ

ื›ืœ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื”ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ ืื—ืช, ืื• ื›ืœ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ื˜ื” ืฉืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืชื›ืช, ืžืฉื—ืจืจืช ื–ืจื ื—ืฉืžืœื™.

ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืกื•ืคื’ 1D3+3 ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ื”ืงืจื‘ ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ืคืขืœ ื‘ึพ50%- ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืช.

๐Ÿงช ืคื’ื™ืขืช ื—ื•ืžืฆื”

ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื—ืจื‘ ืคื•ืฆืขืช ืืช ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ืžืคืจื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืงืกื•ืžื” ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื”ืคืฆืข.

ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืžืื‘ื“ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ ืื—ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืžืฉืš 1D4+3 ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ื.

ืื ื”ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ืคื’ืขื” ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืฉืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขื›ืœ ืื•ืชื• ืขื“ ืฉืชื’ื™ืข ืœืขื•ืจ. ื›ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื’ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืฆื” ื‘ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ืงืจื‘ ืื—ื“.

โ˜ ๏ธ ืงื•ื˜ืœ

ื›ื ื’ื“ ื’ื–ืข ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ื”ื—ืจื‘ ืœื ืฉืง ืงื•ื˜ืœ.

ื›ืœ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืœืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉืง ืงื•ื˜ืœ, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžืฉื—ืง.

โ˜ ๏ธ ืคื’ื™ืขืช ืจืขืœ

ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื—ืจื‘ ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ ืื—ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืื•ืชื• ื’ื–ืข, ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื“ื™ืจื” ืœื’ื•ืคื• ืจืขืœ.

ืกื•ื’ ื”ืจืขืœ ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืืงืจืื™ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืœืช ื”ืจืขืœื™ื, ื•ืžืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข ื ืฉืืจ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืื•ืชื• ื’ื–ืข.

ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืจืขืœ ื—ืœื” ืจืง ื‘ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืฆื•ืจ.

๐Ÿฆ  ืคื’ื™ืขืช ืžื—ืœื”

ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื–ื• ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืคื’ื™ืขืช ื”ืจืขืœ, ืืš ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืจืขืœ ืžื•ื—ื“ืจืช ืžื—ืœื”.

ืกื•ื’ ื”ืžื—ืœื” ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืืงืจืื™ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืœืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืช, ื•ื ืฉืืจ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœืื•ืชื• ื’ื–ืข.

๐Ÿ’ฅ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช

ืื ื”ื”ืชืงืคื” ื’ืจืžื” ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ, ื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืจืžืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื™ื‘ืจ ืฉื ืคื’ืข.

ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื–ื• ืžื—ืœื™ืคื” ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื•ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื’ืœื’ื•ืœ ื ื•ืกืฃ.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืจื‘ ื”ืžืฉืชื ื”, ืจืฉืื™ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืžืชื•ืš ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ. ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืชื• ื•ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืื—ื“ ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ื”ืฉืœืžื™ื ื•ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื™ืจื•ืช.

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื :18 ื‘ื“ืจื’ื ื–ื• ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื•.

ื”ืขืจื•ืชืฆื™ื•ื“ / ื ื›ืกื™ืื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืชื“ืจื’ื”
ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื—ื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื•ื—ื ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœืžื•ื ื™ ื•ืžืงื‘ืœ ื–ื”ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืจืฉืžื™ืช. ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ื ืจืฉื ื‘โ€œืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื™ืจื”โ€ ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืจืฉืžื™; ื ืก ืื™ืฉื™; ื ืฉืง ืื™ืฉื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื›ื™ื ื•ื™; ืงื‘ืœืช ื ืก ื˜ืงืกื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ื”ื” ืขื ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ; ืงื‘ืœืช ื ืฉืง ืื™ืฉื™ ืœืคื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื•: 50+ ืขื“ 100+ ืœืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ื ืฉืง, 2+ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื”, ื•ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืจื” ืžืฉื•ืคืจืช. ื‘ึพ10% ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ื ืฉืง ืžื•ืฉื‘ื— ืงืกืžื™ืช3
ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืคื•ืขืœืช ืจืง ืื ืœืคื—ื•ืช 75% ืžื”ืงื”ืœ ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื•, ื”ืงื”ืœ ืงื•ืจื ืžื™ืœืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืื—ื™ื“, ื•ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืฉืžื•ืข. ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœืื—ืจ 3 ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ ืงืจื‘ ืจืฆื•ืคื™ืืงื”ืœ ืื•ื”ื“ื™ื ื ืืžืŸื”ืขืจืฆืช ื”ืงื”ืœ: ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืื—ื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืฉืชื™ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืจื’ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. โ€œืืœึพืคื—ื“โ€ ืžืขืœื” ืื•ืžืฅ ืœึพ100; โ€œืืœึพืžื›ืื•ื‘โ€ ืžืคื—ื™ืช ื›ืœ ื ื–ืง ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ืžื™ื ื•ืกื™ ืคืฆื™ืขื”; โ€œืขื•ืฆืžื”โ€ ืžืขื ื™ืงื” 4+ ืœื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื•ึพ2+ ืœื”ื’ื ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ; โ€œืžื•ื•ืชโ€ ืžืขื ื™ืงื” 50+ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื”, 10%+ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช, ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ื™ืจื™ื‘ ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ืื™ืžื” ื‘ึพ20%- ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ื” ืืช ืื•ืžืฆื• ื‘ึพ25; โ€œื›ื™ื ื•ื™โ€ ืžืขื ื™ืงื” 50%+ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื”, 15+ ื›ื•ื—, 10+ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืœืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช, 10+ ืจืฆื•ืŸ, 25+ ืื•ืžืฅ, 20+ ืงื•ืจ ืจื•ื—, ื—ืกื™ื ื•ืช ืœืื™ืžื”, 50%- ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœืคื—ื“, ื•ืžืขื‘ืจ ื—ื“ึพืคืขืžื™ ืžื”ื’ื ื” ืœื”ืชืงืคื” ืœืื—ืจ 3 ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ื5
ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืืจื‘ืข ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื’ื ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืชืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืื—ืชื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช: ืฉืœื™ื˜ ื”ืคืชื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื, ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช, ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฉื™ื ืื• ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ืฆื™ื™ืช ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ. ื›ืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืžื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื‘ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช8
ื”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื—ืœื” ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื’ื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื™ืโ€”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื’ื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื™ื: 25+ ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื•ึพ2+ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื ื’ื“ ื’ื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื™ื9
ื”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื—ืœื” ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืื•ืจืงื™ืโ€”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ืื•ืจืงื™ื: 25+ ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื•ึพ2+ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื ื’ื“ ืื•ืจืงื™ื10
ื”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื—ืœื” ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืื•ื’ืจื™ืโ€”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ืื•ื’ืจื™ื: 25+ ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื•ึพ2+ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื ื’ื“ ืื•ื’ืจื™ื11
ื”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื—ืœื” ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื˜ืจื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ืชื—ื•ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืชื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืคืชื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื˜ืจื•ืœื™ื: 25+ ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื•ึพ2+ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื ื’ื“ ื˜ืจื•ืœื™ื; ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช12
ื”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื—ืœื” ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขื ืงื™ืโ€”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ืขื ืงื™ื: 25+ ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื•ึพ2+ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื ื’ื“ ืขื ืงื™ื13
ื”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื—ืœื” ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื“ืจืงื•ื ื™ืโ€”ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื“ืจืงื•ื ื™ื: 25+ ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื•ึพ2+ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื ื’ื“ ื“ืจืงื•ื ื™ื14
ื”ื—ืจื‘ ืžืฉืชื ื” ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ื’ื–ืข ื•ืชืชึพื’ื–ืข ืฉืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื. ืœื›ืœ ื’ื–ืข ื ืงื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืืงืจืื™ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื”, ื ื–ืง ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืงื‘ื•ืขื”ื”ื—ืจื‘ ื”ืžืฉืชื ื” ืžืงืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ; ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืคืชืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืจื‘ ื”ืžืฉืชื ื” ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจื•ืช: ื—ืจื‘ ืงื˜ื ื”, ื—ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืชืจืช, ืกื›ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื“ื™ื ืื• ืคื’ื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืจื˜ื™. ืœื›ืœ ื’ื–ืข ื ืงื‘ืขื™ื 1D100 ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื•ื ื–ืง, ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืื—ืช: ืงื•ื˜ืœ, ืจืขืœ, ืžื—ืœื”, ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช, ื—ื•ื, ืงื•ืจ, ื—ืฉืžืœ ืื• ื—ื•ืžืฆื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช15
ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืžืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ ืื—ืจื•ื ื”ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืกืจื” ืœื• ืžืชื•ืš ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืจ18