ืกืคืจ ื”ื’ื–ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื’ืจืกื” ืžืขื•ืฆื‘ืช ยท ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช

13.5 ๐ŸŒฒ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช

ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื™ืœื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข โ€” ืœื ืจืง ืžื™ ืฉื—ื™ ื‘ื•, ืืœื ืžื™ ืฉืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืืœื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื•. ืขื‘ื•ืจื•, ื”ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื ื ื• ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืืœื ื‘ื™ืช; ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ื˜ืจืฃ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืืœื ืฉื›ื ื™ื; ื•ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืฉืื‘ ืืœื ื—ืœืง ืžืžืืจื’ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื•. ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™, ื•ื›ืžื™ ืฉืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืžืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืจื ื–ืจ, ื”ืจืกื ื™ ืื• ื—ืžื“ื ื™.

ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืžืงื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื•. ื”ื•ื ืžืชืขื‘ ืžืฉื—ื™ืชื™ ื˜ื‘ืข โ€” ื›ื•ืจืชื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื ื”, ืฆื™ื™ื“ื™ื ืื›ื–ืจื™ื™ื, ื›ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืขืžื ื”ืจืก ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื’ืก โ€” ื•ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื”ื ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื, ื’ื ืื ืื™ื ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฆื“ "ื”ืจืข" ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜. ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื•, ืขืฆื ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืคืฉืข.

ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื›ืžืขื˜ ืกื’ืคื ื™ืช. ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ืืฃ ื“ื•ื—ื” ืื•ืชืŸ. ืžื™ื˜ืชื• ื”ื™ื ืžืฆืข ืขืœื™ื, ืžื–ื•ื ื• ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ, ื•ื›ืœื™ื• ืžืขื˜ื™ื ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื• โ€” ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžื™ื, ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืžื—ืกื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœืงื™ื•ืžื• โ€” ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ื—ื•ืชื ืžื™ื•ืชืจ. ืขื‘ื•ืจื•, ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืื‘ืง ืืœื ื”ืชืืžื”.

ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ืขื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•. ื”ื•ื ืงื•ืจื ืืช ื”ื™ืขืจ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื“ื ืื—ืจ ืงื•ืจื ืกืคืจ: ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข, ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ืขื ืฃ, ืจื™ื— ืงืœ ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ืฉืงื˜ ืœื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื โ€” ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืœื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื. ื›ืžื• ื’ืฉืฉ ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ื•ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ืื‘ื“ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื‘ืฉืžืžื” ืคืชื•ื—ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื‘ืžืขื‘ื” ื™ืขืจ ืกื‘ื•ืš.

ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืจื•ื—, ืชื ื•ืขืช ืขื ื ื™ื, ืœื—ื•ืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื–ืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื” โ€” ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืจืืฉ ืืช ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ืืช ื‘ื•ื ื”ืกืขืจื” ืื• ืืช ื”ืฉืงื˜ ืฉืœืคื ื™ื”. ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื ื“ืžื” ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉ ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื•, ื›ืื™ืœื• ืงื™ื™ื ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื” ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•.

ื‘ืงืจื‘, ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื• ืœื•ื—ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื’ืกื” ืืœื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืงื•ื, ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื•ื•ืื”. ื”ื•ื ืจื‘ึพืื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ื˜ืžืขื•ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” โ€” ื ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื™ื ื›ืฆืœ, ื ืขืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืœืขื™ื, ื•ืžืชืงืจื‘ ืœื™ืจื™ื‘ื• ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ. ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉ ืงืจื‘ ื—ื–ื™ืชื™ ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืžื ื•, ืืš ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื ืœื—ื โ€” ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง, ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืœืœื ื”ื™ืกื•ืก.

ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืงืฉืชื•ืช, ืกื›ื™ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื•ืช, ื—ื ื™ืชื•ืช ืงืœื•ืช ืื• ื›ืœื™ ื ืฉืง ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืืช ื‘ืฉืงื˜ ื•ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื” ืœืชื ื•ืขื”. ื”ื ื ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช, ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื•ื ืขืœืžื™ื, ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื”ืžื›ื”. ื”ื ืžื ืฆืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ืฉืœื โ€” ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื, ืขืจืคืœ, ื’ื–ืขื™ ืขืฆื™ื, ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืงืจืงืข, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืจ ื“ืจืš ื”ืขืœื™ื.

ืื•ืคื™ื• ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ืœืจื•ื‘ ื–ืื‘ ื‘ื•ื“ื“, ื”ืžืขื“ื™ืฃ ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ื”ืขืœื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืชื ื–ืจ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื‘ืจื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช โ€” ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืื–ื•ืจ, ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืื• ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ืื™ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ โ€” ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื•ื™ืคืขืœ ื‘ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช, ื’ื ืื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.

ื™ื—ืกื™ื• ืขื ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื. ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืขืฉ, ื–ื™ื”ื•ื, ื—ืžื“ื ื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™. ื—ืœืงื ืืฃ ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืœืฉื”ื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืื‘ืŸ. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืฉืชื ื”, ื•ื›ื™ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฆืืช ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืขืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื•.

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœื• ืขื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืžืขืžื™ืง ื•ื”ื•ืคืš ื›ืžืขื˜ ืกื™ืžื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™. ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืจืง ืงื•ืจื ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” โ€” ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื”, ื—ืฉ ืื•ืชื”, ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืืฃ ืžื–ืขื™ืง ืื•ืชื” ืœืขื–ืจืชื•. ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืขืจ ืžื–ื”ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื‘ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืช, ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืขื–ืจืชื• ืœื ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืคื™ื™ื”, ืืœื ืžืชื•ืš ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช. ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืฉืชืฃ ืขืžื• ืžื™ื“ืข, ืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ื‘ืคื ื™ ืกื›ื ื” ืื• ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืžืขื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื•.

ื™ืฉื ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืœืœื ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืขื•ืช ืขื“ ืฉื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ื ื•ืฃ ืขืฆืžื•. ืื—ืจื™ื ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื—ืฆื•ืช ื™ืขืจ ืฉืœื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืงื‘ื” ืื—ืช ืื—ืจื™ื”ื.

ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื• ืจืง ืžืงืฆื•ืข โ€” ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื›ืคื™ื™ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”, ื•ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืื™ื ื ื• ืื•ื™ื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ืฆื—, ืืœื ื›ื•ื— ืขืชื™ืง ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืฆื“ื• ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“.

ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช โ€” ื˜ื‘ืœืช ื“ืจื’ื•ืช

ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืชื›ื•ื—ึพืกื‘ืœืชื•ืกืคืชืฉื ื“ืจื’ื”ื“ืจื’ื”
851D6+41+ืื™ืฉ ื™ืขืจ*1
2402+1+ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื ืื™+2
4402+2+ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืฃ+3
6902+2+ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืฆื™ื*4
1,0003+2+ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื‘ื•ืŸ+5
1,4803+2+ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ืชืจ+6
2,1003+2+ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ื˜+7
2,8503+3+ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืžื—*8
3,9004+3+ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ืื‘*9
5,3004+3+ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื™ืœ+10
7,5004+3+ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื ื’ื•ืจื•+11
10,5004+4+ืฉืœื™ื˜ ื”ื™ืขืจ12
15,0004+4+ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข+13
21,0004+4+ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช14
27,5004+5+ืฉืœื™ื˜ ื”ืฆื•ืžื—*15
35,5005+5+ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข*16
47,0005+5+โ€”17
62,0005+5+ืฉืœื™ื˜ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข18
18,000+ ืœื›ืœ ื“ืจื’ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช5+ ืœื›ืœ ื“ืจื’ื” ืžืขืœ ื“ืจื’ื” 18โ€”โ€”19+

ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช โ€” ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช

ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื ืฉืง ื•ืงืจื‘

ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”
4D12ืงืฉืชื•ืช1D8ืจื•ื‘ื™ ืงืฉืช3D8ื”ื˜ืœื” ืงื˜ื ื™ื
3D10ืจื•ื’ื˜ืงื•ืช / ืงืœืขื™ื2D6ื”ื˜ืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื3D6ืงื”ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื
3D6ื—ื“ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื5D10ืงื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื2D8ื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื
4D8ืงื”ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื2D6ื—ื“ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื2D8ืงื”ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื“
2D4ื—ื“ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื“3D8ื—ื ื™ืชื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื1D6+2ืžื’ื™ื ื™ื
1D6ืžื’ืŸ ื›ื›ืœื™ ื”ืชืงืคื”1D8ื ืฉืงื™ ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื•ื’ืžื™ืฉื™ื2D8ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื
โ€”ืงืกืžื™ ื”ืชืงืคื”

ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื˜ื—, ืชื ื•ืขื” ื•ื”ืกื•ื•ืื”

ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”
6D10ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืขืฆื™ื3D6ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืื‘ืŸ3D6ื ื™ืชื•ืจ
2D10ื›ื™ืคื•ืฃ ืžืชื›ื•ืช1D8ืคืจื™ืฆืช ื“ืœืชื•ืช4D12ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ื—ื‘ืœ
5D8ื—ื•ืฉ ื”ืชืžืฆืื•ืช4D8ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืฉืงื˜ื”4D10ืคืจื™ืฆืช ืžื ืขื•ืœื™ื
2D8ื”ื›ื ืช ืžืืจื‘ื™ื3D6ื”ื›ื ืช ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช5D12ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ
โ€”ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ื ื•ื™3D4ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื”ืจืจื™ืช5D12ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ื™ืฆืชื™
3D6ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ืช2D4ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžื•ืฉืœื’2D4ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืฉืœื’ ื•ื‘ืงืจื—
1D4ืชื ื•ืขื” ื•ื”ืกืชืชืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืœื•ืช3D8ืฉื—ื™ื™ื”1D6ืฉื™ื˜
1D8ืจื›ื™ื‘ื”3D8ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ ืžืฉืงืœ6D12ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื™ื

ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™, ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื•ื™ื“ืข

ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”
4D12ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื“ื™ืžื•ื4D8ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื—ื ื”1D6ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขื™ืงื•ื‘
4D10ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžืœื›ื•ื“ื•ืช1D6ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื•ืื‘ื ื™ื ื™ืงืจื•ืช1D8ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื—ืคืฆื™ื
1D4ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืื•ืžื ื•ืช1D4ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ื5D12ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ื‘ืฉื”
3D6ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ1D4ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืืœึพืžืชื™ื1D4ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ืงืกื ื•ืฉื“ื™ื
3D8ื”ื›ืจืช ืจืขืœื™ื ื•ืกืžื™ื2D6ืจื•ืงื—ื•ืช1D4ื”ื›ืจืช ื ื™ืžื•ืกื™ื
1D6ื”ื›ืจืช ืืžื•ื ื•ืช1D8ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืคื•ืช

ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืœืื›ื”

ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—ืชื›ื•ื ื”
โ€”ืคื™ืชื•ื™1D6ืฉื›ื ื•ืข2D6ื”ืคื—ื“ื”
1D4ืžื™ืงื•ื—2D6ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”1D6ื”ื•ื ืื” ื•ืฉืงืจ
3D6ื”ืชื—ืคืฉื•ืช1D4ื ื’ื™ื ื”1D4ืฉื™ืจื”
1D6ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื›ืœื™ ื ืฉืง ื•ืฉืจื™ื•ืŸ1D4ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื1D6ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ืคืฆื™ื
1D6ื”ื—ื‘ืืช ื—ืคืฆื™ืโ€”ืงืฉื™ืจืช ื—ื‘ืœื™ื

13.5.1 ๐ŸŒฒ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช

13.5.2 ๐ŸŒฒ ื“ืจื’ื” 1 โ€“ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช

ืขื•ื“ ืžืจืืฉื™ืช ื“ืจื›ื• ืœื•ืžื“ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื• ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžืžื ื”. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืชืืžื ื™ื ื‘ื–ื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ืžื’ืจืฉื™ ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื—ืฆืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืฆืจื™ื, ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืจื•ื›ืฉ ืืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื™ื ืขืชื™ืงื™ื, ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืกื‘ืš ืฆืžื—ื™ื™ื” ืฆืคื•ืฃ. ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืืคื™ื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื• ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื•.

ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœ 25+ ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 25+ ืœื ื™ืชื•ืจ ื•ึพ25+ ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ื‘ืฉื”. ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœื”ืกืชืชืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืฆื™ื, ืœื ื•ืข ื‘ืฉืงื˜ ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืชื•ื•ืื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืžื–ื• ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื”ื•ื ืžืคืชื— ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืœืขื™ื, ื’ื–ืขื™ื ื•ืขื ืคื™ื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœื•ืžื“ ืœื‘ืœื•ื ืืช ื ืคื™ืœืชื• ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื’ื•ืฃ ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืžื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขื“ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืกืคื•ื’ ื›ืœ ื ื–ืง. ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื–ื• ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืช ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืžืขืฆื™ื, ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืžืขืœ ื ืงื™ืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืื• ืชื ื•ืขื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืงืฉื”.

ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืจื•ื›ืฉ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื—ื™ืงื•ื™ ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ืขืจ. ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื—ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื•ืœื™ 1D6+4 ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ืขืจ ืœืคื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื•. ื”ื—ื™ืงื•ื™ ื”ื•ื ืงื•ืœื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืื™ื ื• ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืจืื”, ืจื™ื— ืื• ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขื“ ืฉืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื’ื ืฆื™ื™ื“ื™ื ืžื ื•ืกื™ื, ื’ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ืงื•ื™ ื•ืœื ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืืžื™ืชื™.

ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื–ื• ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืืช ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช: ืžืฉื™ื›ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืกื—ื•ืช ื“ืขืช, ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžืกืจื™ื ืžื•ืกื›ืžื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืช, ื”ื˜ืขื™ื™ืช ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืฃ ื”ืชืจืขื” ืžืคื ื™ ืกื›ื ื•ืช. ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื—ื™ืงื•ื™ื™ ื”ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœื”ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืฉืคื” ื ื•ืกืคืช, ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื”ื ืœืชืงืฉืจ ืœืžืจื—ืงื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืฉื“.

13.5.3 ๐ŸŒฒ ื“ืจื’ื” 2 โ€“ ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” 2 ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœืคืชื— ืืช ืื—ื“ ื”ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžื–ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื™ืขืจ โ€“ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืขื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•. ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงืกื, ื‘ื”ื™ืคื ื•ื–ื” ืื• ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ืืœื ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืฉืคืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื ื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืขืจื•ืฅ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ืกื™ืกื™.

ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ืจื•ื›ืฉ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืื”ื“ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืžื›ืจืกืžื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืขืจ. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืกื ืื™ื, ืขื›ื‘ืจื™ื, ื—ื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืขืจ, ื ืžื ืžื ื™ื, ื‘ื•ื ื™ื, ืงื™ืคื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ืœืคื™ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื”ืจืคืชืงื”.

ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ืŸ ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื”ืื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืคื•ื—ื“, ืจืขื‘, ื›ื•ืขืก, ืฉืžื—, ืกืงืจืŸ, ืจื’ื•ืข ืื• ื ืกืขืจ. ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ื—ื”, ืืœื ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืื™ื•ื. ื”ื ืœื ื™ืชืงืคื• ืื•ืชื•, ืœื ื™ื‘ืจื—ื• ืžืžื ื• ื‘ืคืื ื™ืงื” ื•ืœื ื™ื’ืœื• ื›ืœืคื™ื• ืชื•ืงืคื ื•ืช, ืืœื ืื ื™ื‘ืฆืข ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื”ื ืื• ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื ื™ ืžื™ื ื. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืืฃ ื™ืชืงืจื‘ื• ืืœื™ื• ื‘ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื•ื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื• ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืžืงืจื•ื‘.

ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœื ืฆืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื–ื• ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช. ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืกื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจืกืžื™ื, ืœืืชืจ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื ื•ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ืจืคื™ื ื•ืืฃ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื ืื–ื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืขื‘ืจ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื”ืคืจืขื” ื—ืจื™ื’ื”. ืœื ืคืขื ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ื”ืžื›ืจืกืžื™ื ื›"ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชืจืขื”" ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ืืœื• ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื’ื–ืขื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื.

ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆืขื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•.

ื“ืจื’ื” 3

ืžืงื‘ืœ "ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช" ื›ืœืคื™:ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื™ื.

13.5.4 ๐ŸŒฒ ื“ืจื’ื” 4 โ€“ ื‘ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืคื” ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื”

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” 4 ื ืขืฉื” ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื• ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื™ืขืจ ืžืงื•ื ืคืจืื™ ื•ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ, ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™. ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ืœื ืฆืœ ื›ืœ ื’ื–ืข ืขืฅ, ื›ืœ ืกืœืข ืžื›ื•ืกื” ื˜ื—ื‘ ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื— ืฆืคื•ืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกืชืชืจ, ืœื ื•ืข ื•ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช.

ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื• ื”ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ 50+ ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 50+ ืœื ื™ืชื•ืจ, 25+ ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื™ืขืจ ื•ึพ25+ ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืฉืงื˜ื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ. ื—ื•ืฉื™ื• ื ืขืฉื™ื ื—ื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื ื ืฉืžื™ื ืœื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื: ืขื ืฃ ืฉื‘ื•ืจ, ืขืฉื‘ ืฉื ืจืžืก, ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืจื’ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืฅ ืื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืงืœ ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ.

ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื’ื•ืคื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืกืชื’ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื™ื, ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื, ืกืœืขื™ื ื•ืขื ืคื™ื. ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื‘ืœื•ื ื–ืขื–ื•ืขื™ื, ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ืฉืœื• ืžืฉืชืคืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืคืชื— ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ื’ื‘ื”ื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืœืžืขื‘ืจ.

ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืžื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขื“ ืขืฉืจื” ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ื›ืœืœ. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื–ื™ื ื•ืง ืžืขื ืฃ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืžืกืœืข ืชืœื•ืœ ืื• ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืืœ ืงืจืงืข ื”ื™ืขืจ, ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืกืคื•ื’ ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ื ื—ื™ืชื” ื•ืœืคื–ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื’ื•ืคื•.

ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ืขืจ ืžืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื. ื”ื ื ืขื™ื ื‘ื• ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ืฉืงื˜ ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืขืจ ืขืฆืžื• ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ื ืœื”ืกืชืชืจ ื•ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื.

ื“ืจื’ื” 5

ืžืงื‘ืœ "ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช" ื›ืœืคื™:ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ื (ื›ื•ืœืœ ื“ื™ื ื•ื–ืื•ืจื™ื).

ื“ืจื’ื” 6

ืžืงื‘ืœ "ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช" ื›ืœืคื™:ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ืจืฃ ืžืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื.

ื“ืจื’ื” 7

ืžืงื‘ืœ "ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช" ื›ืœืคื™:ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขื•ืคื•ืช.

13.5.5 ๐ŸŒฒ ื“ืจื’ื” 8 โ€“ ื™ื“ื™ื“ ื”ื™ืขืจ

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” 8 ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืจืง ืฆื™ื™ื“, ื’ืฉืฉ ืื• ืœื•ื—ื ื”ืžื›ื™ืจ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ื”ื™ืขืจ, ืืœื ืื“ื ืฉื”ื—ืœ ืœืคืชื— ืงืฉืจ ืžืžืฉื™ ืขื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืฆื•ืžื—ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•. ืชื ื•ืขืชื• ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื ื•ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืฆื™ื ื•ื”ืกืœืขื™ื ื›ืื™ืœื• ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื, ื•ื—ื•ืฉื™ื• ื ืขืฉื™ื ื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ.

ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ 75+ ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 75+ ืœื ื™ืชื•ืจ, 50+ ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ื‘ืฉื”,50+ ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื™ืขืจ ื•ึพ25+ ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ. ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืชื• ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ื‘ืžื” ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ืขืจ: ืขืงื‘ื•ืช, ืกื™ืžื ื™ ืžืขื‘ืจ, ืจื™ื—ื•ืช, ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื—ื™ื. ืžื ื’ื“, ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ื• ืžื•ืคื ื™ืช ืคื—ื•ืช ืืœ ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื•ืืœ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืคืคื™ื.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ื’ื•ืคื• ืžืกืชื’ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื™ื, ืฆื•ืงื™ื ื•ืขื ืคื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืžื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขื“ ืขืฉืจื™ื ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ื›ืœืœ. ื ื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืฉื ืจืื•ืช ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืฉื’ืจื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื‘ืœื•ื ืืช ื ืคื™ืœืชื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชื ื•ื—ืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื”ืงืจืงืข ื•ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื™ื” ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•.

ืื•ืœื ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืงืจื•ื™ื” ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฆืžื—ื™ืช.

ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื’ืข ื™ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืฆืžื— ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉื—ืง, ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืขื ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฆื•ืžื—. ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ืฉื™ื—ื” ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืœืฆืžื—ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืื• ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื›ืคื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ืชื‘ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืืš ื”ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื.

ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืžื—. ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืื ื”ืฆืžื— ื‘ืจื™ื ืื• ื—ื•ืœื”, ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ืกื•ื‘ืœ ืžืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื, ืžืคื’ื™ืขื” ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืื• ืžืžืฆื•ืงื” ืื—ืจืช. ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื•ืืฃ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืฆืžื— ืžืกื•ื’ืœ "ืœืกืคืจ" ืœืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื”ืื ืขื‘ืจ ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ื‘ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ืฉืœ ืžื˜ืจ ืื—ื“ ืžืžื ื•. ืื ืื•ืชื• ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื ื’ืข ื‘ืฆืžื— ืื• ื”ืชื—ื›ืš ื‘ื•, ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืืฃ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ืืช ืกื•ื’ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจ: ืื“ื, ื–ืื‘, ืื•ืจืง, ืฆื‘ื™, ื“ื•ื‘ ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”.

ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื–ื• ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืืช ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื™ื” ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืจืฉืช ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช. ืขืฅ ื‘ื•ื“ื“, ืฉื™ื— ืงื˜ืŸ ืื• ืžื˜ืคืก ืขืœ ืกืœืข ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืกืคืง ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืขืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื, ื—ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ.

ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฆื•ืžื— ืžืขื ื™ืง ืœื• ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ. ืฆืžื—ื™ื ื˜ื•ืจืคื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ืคื’ืขื• ื‘ื•. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืจื— ื˜ื•ืจืฃ, ื’ืคืŸ ื—ื•ื ืงืช ืื• ืขืฅ ื˜ื•ืจืฃ ื ื“ื™ืจ, ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ืื—ื“ ืžื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืขืจ ื•ืื™ื ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื• ื˜ืจืฃ. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื ืืฃ ื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื”, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืชืงืฃ ืžื™ื“.

13.5.6 ๐ŸŒฒ ื“ืจื’ื” 9 โ€“ ื ืขื™ืœืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื™ืœื”

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” 9 ืœื•ืžื“ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืืช ืื—ืช ืžื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื”ืื™ืžืชื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข โ€“ ื ืขื™ืœืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื™ืœื”. ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ืช ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคื™ ื”ืขื ืง ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืžืงื™ ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื ืžืฉืชืœื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืจื™ื‘ื™ื”ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ื’ื•ืœืžื™, ืื—ื™ื–ื” ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ื•ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ.

ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื” ืื™ื ื” ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ืœืงืจื‘ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื, ืืœื ืœื”ื›ืจืขื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ืจื™ื‘ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกื›ื ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ.

ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื ืขื™ืœืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื™ืœื”, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืชืงืคื” ืžืื—ื•ืจ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื—ื“ื™ืจื” ืฉื˜ื—ื™ืช. ืื ื”ื”ืชืงืคื” ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื”, ืžื–ื ืง ื”ืœื•ื—ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ ื™ืจื™ื‘ื•, ืœื•ื›ื“ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื•, ืžืฆืžื™ื“ ืืช ื’ื•ืคื• ืืœื™ื• ื•ืžื›ื•ืคืฃ ืืช ืขื•ืจืคื• ืœื–ื•ื•ื™ืช ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช.

ืžืจื’ืข ื–ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืžืื‘ืง ื›ื•ื— ื™ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื.

ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ื–ื•ืจืงื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื 1D100 ื•ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืืช ืขืจืš ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœื”ื. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืžืื‘ืง ืžืชืžืฉืš, ื”ื•ืœืš ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื•ื ื—ืœืฉ ืชื—ืช ื”ืœื—ืฅ ื”ืžื•ืคืขืœ ืขืœ ื’ื•ืคื•.

ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ

ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืžื˜ื™ืœื™ื 1D100 ื•ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืืช ืขืจืš ื”ื›ื•ื—.

ืื ืกื›ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื” ืื• ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื”ื ืขื™ืœื” ื ืฉืžืจืช. ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืกื•ืคื’ 1D4+1 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ ื•ื ืฉืืจ ืœื›ื•ื“.

ืื ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืœื•ื—ื ืืš ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ืžึพ25%, ื”ื•ื ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืื—ื™ื–ื” ืืš ืกื•ืคื’ 1D4 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ืžืื‘ืง.

ืื ืกื›ื•ืžื• ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžึพ25%, ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืกื•ืคื’ ื ื–ืง.

ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ืฉื ื™

ืื ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื›ื•ื“, ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืžืื‘ืง.

ื”ืคืขื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ 20- ืœืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœื•, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืœื—ืฅ ืขืœ ืžืคืจืงื™ื• ื•ืขืœ ืฆื•ื•ืืจื• ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื’ื•ื‘ืจ.

ืื ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื—ื™ื–ื”, ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืกื•ืคื’ 1D8+5 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ.

ืื ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ืกื•ืคื’ 1D6+6 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ืžืืžืฅ ื”ืขืฆื•ื ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ืžืžื ื•.

ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

ืื ื”ื ืขื™ืœื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ืžืขืžื“, ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœืื‘ื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ื’ื•ืคื•.

ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœ 40- ืœืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื—.

ืื ื”ืœื•ื—ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—, ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืกื•ืคื’ D10+2 2 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ.

ืื ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ, ื”ื•ื ืกื•ืคื’ D10+7 1 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ.

ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ืจื‘ื™ืขื™

ื–ื”ื• ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื”.

ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœ 60- ืœืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœื•.

ืื ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื’ื ื‘ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืืช ืจืืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ื—ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ื‘ืจ ืืช ืžืคืจืงืชื•.

ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื“ื™.

ืื ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ื‘ืจื’ืข ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืกื•ืคื’ 1D8+4 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืกื‘ืœ ื•ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืžึพ25- ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืช ืœืžืฉืš 3โ€“8 ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉื—ืง, ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืืจื•, ื‘ื›ืชืคื™ื• ื•ื‘ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื•.

ื“ืจื’ื” 11

ืžืงื‘ืœ "ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช" ื›ืœืคื™:ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืคืœืฆืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืชืคื™ืกืช ืขื•ืœื ืจืขื”.

13.5.7 ๐ŸŒฒ ื“ืจื’ื” 13 โ€“ ื™ื“ื™ื“ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” 13 ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœืจืžืช ื”ืชืžื–ื’ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ ืขื ืขื•ืœื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ื ืชืคืก ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ื™ืขืจ ื›ืื•ืจื—, ืฆื™ื™ื“ ืื• ืฉื•ืžืจ, ืืœื ื›ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืขืฆืžื”. ืชื ื•ืขื•ืชื™ื• ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื—ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื—ื•ืฉื™ื• ืžืชื—ื“ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื ื•ืข ื‘ืžืขืžืงื™ ื”ื™ืขืจ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืฆื™ื.

ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ 100+ ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 50+ ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืฉืงื˜ื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ ื•ึพ50+ ืœื”ืชืžืฆืื•ืช. ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื”ืชืžืฆืื•ืช ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžืชื•ืคืขื” ืžื•ื–ืจื” ื”ืžื•ื›ืจืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื ืžื‘ืœื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข, ื›ืš ื”ื ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืžืคื•ืช ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช. ื”ื ื—ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื”, ืืš ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืขืจื™ื, ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืื• ืกื™ืžื ื™ ื“ืจืš ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ื™ื.

ืื•ืœื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื” ื”ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช.

ืขื“ ื›ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงืฉืจ ืจืง ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื. ืžืขืชื” ื”ื•ื ืžืคืชื— ืื”ื“ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื, ืขื•ืคื•ืช, ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ื, ื“ื•ึพื—ื™ื™ื, ื“ื’ื™ื, ื—ืจืงื™ื ืื• ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื›ื•ืœื ืžื–ื”ื™ื ื‘ื• ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.

ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื: ืคื—ื“, ืจืขื‘, ื›ืขืก, ืฉืžื—ื”, ืกืงืจื ื•ืช, ืขื™ื™ืคื•ืช, ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืื• ืžืฆื•ืงื”. ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื” ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช ื•ืื™ื ื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืฉื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ, ืืš ื”ื™ื ืžืกืคืงืช ื”ื‘ื ื” ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื–ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืจื’ื™ืœ.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื ื™ืชืงืคื• ืืช ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืื™ื ื• ืžืื™ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืื• ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื”ื. ื’ื ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื›ืชื•ืงืคื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื™ื’ืœื• ื›ืœืคื™ื• ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ, ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืืฃ ื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื• ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื ืœืžืจื—ืงื™ื ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ื™ื• ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื”ื ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืื• ืœืชืงื•ืฃ.

ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื–ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื. ื”ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืขื“ืจ ืฆื‘ืื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื— ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ, ื›ื™ ืœื”ืงืช ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื ื‘ื”ืœื” ืžืžืขื‘ืจื ืฉืœ ื–ืจื™ื, ืื• ื›ื™ ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืžืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื ื‘ื™ืขืจ. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ืœืžืงื•ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืจื‘ ืขืจืš.

ื™ืฉื ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” ื–ื• ืฉื—ืฆื• ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืฆื•ื“ ืืฃ ื‘ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื—ื“, ื›ืฉื”ื ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืขื–ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืคื’ืฉื• ื‘ื“ืจืš. ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืขืœ ื–ืื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื™ื•ื• ืื•ืชื ื‘ืžืกืขื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื™ื, ืขืœ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื ืžืคื ื™ ืกื›ื ื” ืžืชืงืจื‘ืช ื•ืขืœ ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ื—ื• ืœื”ื ืœื—ืœื•ืฃ ืœืœื ื›ืœ ืขื™ืžื•ืช.

ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื ื”ื•ื’ ืœื•ืžืจ:

"ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืืชื” ืœื•ืžื“ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืฆื“ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืกื•ืคื”, ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืื•ืชืš ื›ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืœื”ืŸ."

13.5.8 ๐ŸŒฒ ื“ืจื’ื” 15 โ€“ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฆืžื—ื™ืช ืžืชืงื“ืžืช

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” 15 ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฆื•ืžื— ืœืจืžื” ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืื™ื ื” ื ืชืคืกืช ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื. ืื ื‘ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœื’ืขืช ื‘ืฆืžื— ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื• ื•ืœื“ืœื•ืช ืžืžื ื• ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืกื™ืกื™, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื›ืขืช ืขืฆื ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืชื• ืžืกืคื™ืงื”. ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœื•ืžื“ ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืงื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื, ืืœ ื”ืจืฉืžื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืชื™ืจื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืืœ ื”ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื• ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื”ืืจื•ื›ื™ื.

ืžืขืชื” ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžื’ืข ืคื™ื–ื™. ื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื™ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืฆืžื— ื•ื™ืจื›ื– ืืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื• ื‘ื•. ื›ืœ ืฆืžื— ื”ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืขื“ ืžืื” ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžืฉ ืžืงื•ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขื‘ื•ืจื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืฅ ืขืชื™ืง, ื‘ืฉื™ื— ืงื˜ืŸ, ื‘ื’ืคืŸ ืžื˜ืคืกืช ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืคืจื— ื‘ื•ื“ื“.

ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืžื— ื•ืืช ืžื” ืฉืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืงืจื‘ืชื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืžืงื‘ืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ืช ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”. ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืฆืžื— ืขืฆืžื•.

ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืœืžืฆื‘ ืจื™ื›ื•ื–, ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืžื—ื™ื™ ื”ืฆืžื— ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืฆืจื‘ื• ื‘ื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”. ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื“ื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื•, ืืœื ื—ื•ื•ื” ืื•ืชื• ื“ืจืš ื—ื•ืฉื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืžื—.

ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ื›ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ืื• ื›ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช. ื”ืฆืžื— ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช, ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœ ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช, ืจืฉืžื™ื ื•ืจื’ืฉื•ืช.

ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ืขืฅ ืฉืขืžื“ ืœืฆื“ ื“ืจืš ืขืชื™ืงื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืจืขื™ื“ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ื ืฉื ื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืขื‘ืจื• ืœื™ื“ื• ืคืจืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ืฉื™ื— ื”ื’ื“ืœ ืœื™ื“ ืฉื“ื” ืงืจื‘ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืคื—ื“, ื›ืื‘ ื•ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื•. ืขืฅ ืฉื—ื•ื•ื” ืฉืจื™ืคื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื—ื•ื ืขื–, ืขืฉืŸ ื•ืกื›ื ื”. ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื•ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืฉืœื”ื, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ืœืžื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจ.

ืขื ื–ืืช, ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช.

ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืื•ืชื” ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ. ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืฆืžื—, ืืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืžืงื“ ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื™ื‘ื• ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ.

ืฉื ื™ืช, ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืชื—ื•ืฉืชื™ ื•ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™. ื”ืฆืžื— ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคืจ ืžื” ืงืจื” ืืœื ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื—ื•ื•ื”. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืจื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข.

ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•. ื’ื•ืคื• ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•, ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืคืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืืš ืžื‘ื˜ื• ืžื–ื•ื’ื’, ื•ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืขื“ ืฉื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืกืชื™ื™ื. ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืžื ื•ืกื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื–ื• ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืžื•ื’ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืชื ืื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกื›ื ื” ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.

ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ:

"ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ื™ืžื™ื. ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืฉื ื™ื. ื”ืขืฆื™ื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืขื™ื“ื ื™ื."

13.5.9 ๐ŸŒฒ ื“ืจื’ื” 16 โ€“ ื”ืขืจืฆืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช

ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” 16 ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœืื—ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื™. ืื ื‘ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืชื• ื•ืกืžื›ื• ืขืœื™ื•, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื›ืขืช ื”ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื• ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื˜ื‘ืขื™, ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ื•ืœืกื™ื•ืข. ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื™ ื”ื•ืคืš ืขืžื•ืง ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ืขื™ืกื•ืงื™ื”ื, ืœื—ืฆื•ืช ืžืจื—ืงื™ื ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืขื–ืจืชื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืงื•ืจื ืœื”ื.

ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื• ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืคืจ. ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ 150+ ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 100+ ืœื ื™ืชื•ืจ, 75+ ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช, 75+ ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ื‘ืฉื” ื•ึพ50+ ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืฉืงื˜ื”. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืœื ื•ืข ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื™ืขืจ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืชื•, ืœืืชืจ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ืฉืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื•ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืœืขื™ื, ืขื ืคื™ื ื•ืฆืžืจื•ืช ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจืจืช ืงื ืื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื’ื•ืคื• ืžืกืชื’ืœ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื˜ื— ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืžื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ื›ืœืœ. ื ื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืชื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืคืฆื™ืขื” ืงืฉื” ืื• ื‘ืžื•ื•ืช, ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืฉื’ืจื”.

ืื•ืœื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื’ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืขืจืฆืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช.

ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื›ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ืื• ื‘ื”ื™ืคื ื•ื–ื”. ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื•ืื™ื ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœืžืฉืจืชื™ื•. ืœื”ืคืš โ€” ื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืืœื™ื• ืžืชื•ืš ืจืฆื•ื ื ืฉืœื”ื. ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื, ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื”ืคืš ืœื“ืžื•ืช ืื’ื“ื™ืช, ื™ื“ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื™ ื•ืžื’ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื–ืงื•ืง ืœื”ื.

ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื–ืขื™ืง ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ืžืฉืžื™ืข ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื–ืขืงื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื”ื ืœืžื“ืช ืจืง ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื“ืจื’ื” ื–ื•. ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ื—ื™ื” ืฉื•ืžืข ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”: ื”ื–ืื‘ื™ื ื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ื” ื›ื™ืœืœื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืœื”ืงื”, ื”ืขื•ืคื•ืช ื›ืงืจื™ืื” ืขืชื™ืงื” ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืื™ื™ืœื™ื ื›ืงื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ืœื”ื ืžืื– ื•ืžืขื•ืœื.

ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืœื–ืžืŸ ืกื•ื’ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื” ืื• ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื›ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืื•ืชื• ืื–ื•ืจ. ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ืžืขื•ืช ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื•ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืืคืฉืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจืŸ.

ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื’ื™ืขื• ื™ื‘ืฆืขื• ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืœืžืชื” ื™ืขื–ื‘ื• ื•ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื”ืŸ. ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ:

ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžืกืจ.

ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื.

ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืื“ื ืื‘ื•ื“.

ืกื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ.

ื”ื•ื‘ืœืช ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื.

ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืงืจื‘.

ื”ืกื—ืช ื“ืขืช ืฉืœ ืื•ื™ื‘.

ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื™ืขื–ื‘ื• ืœืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช.

ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ื—ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื™ื ืจืง ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ื›ืœ 14 ื™ื•ื. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื ื–ื•ืžื ื” ืœื”ืงืช ื–ืื‘ื™ื, ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื–ืžืŸ ืฉื•ื‘ ื–ืื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื, ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืขื•ืคื•ืช, ืœื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ืื• ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.

ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ื–ืขืงื” ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืืช ื”ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืžืžื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืžืชืงื“ื ื‘ื“ืจื’ื•ืช, ื›ืš ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื’ื“ืœ ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœื•:

ื“ืจื’ื”ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ื–ื™ืžื•ืŸ
165 ืง"ืž
177 ืง"ืž
189 ืง"ืž
1911 ืง"ืž
2013 ืง"ืž
2115 ืง"ืž
2216 ืง"ืž
2317 ืง"ืž
2418 ืง"ืž
2519 ืง"ืž
2620 ืง"ืž
2721 ืง"ืž
28 ื•ืžืขืœื”24 ืง"ืž
ื”ืขืจื•ืชืฆื™ื•ื“ / ื ื›ืกื™ืื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืชื“ืจื’ื”
ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข; ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื™ื˜ืžืข ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืขืจโ€”25+ ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 25+ ืœื ื™ืชื•ืจ, 25+ ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ื‘ืฉื”; ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืžื’ื•ื‘ื” 5 ืžื˜ืจ ืœืœื ื ื–ืง; ื—ื™ืงื•ื™ ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ 1D6+4 ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ืขืจ1
ืงืฉืจ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ืขื ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื™ืงืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืขื ืžื›ืจืกืžื™ ื™ืขืจืื”ื“ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืžื›ืจืกืžื™ื; ื”ื‘ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ ืจื’ืฉื™ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™; ื”ืžื›ืจืกืžื™ื ืื™ื ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื• ืื™ื•ื2
ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืชืงืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืขื ืงื•ืคื™ืืื”ื“ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื™ื3
ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”, ื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื™ืขืจโ€”50+ ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 50+ ืœื ื™ืชื•ืจ, 25+ ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 25+ ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืฉืงื˜ื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ; ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืžื’ื•ื‘ื” 10 ืžื˜ืจ ืœืœื ื ื–ืง4
ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืชืงืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืขื ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืืื”ื“ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื“ื™ื ื•ื–ืื•ืจื™ื5
ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืชืงืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืขื ื˜ื•ืจืคื™ ื™ื•ื ืงื™ืืื”ื“ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ืจืฃ ืžืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื6
ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืชืงืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืขื ืขื•ืคื•ืชืื”ื“ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขื•ืคื•ืช7
ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื™ื” ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืžืงื•ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข; ืฆืžื—ื™ื ื˜ื•ืจืคื™ื ืื™ื ื ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื•ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืขื ืฆืžื—ื™ื75+ ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 75+ ืœื ื™ืชื•ืจ, 50+ ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ื‘ืฉื”, 50+ ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 25+ ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ; ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืžื’ื•ื‘ื” 20 ืžื˜ืจ ืœืœื ื ื–ืง; ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฆืžื—ื™ืช ื‘ืžื’ืข ื•ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืฉืœ 3 ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ื8
ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงืช ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช; ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื”ืชืงืคื” ืžืื—ื•ืจ ืขื ื—ื“ื™ืจื” ืฉื˜ื—ื™ืช ืœืคื—ื•ืชโ€”ื ืขื™ืœืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื™ืœื”: ืžืื‘ืง ื›ื•ื— ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘; ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื ืขื™ืœื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ื ื–ืง ื•ืžื•ื ืขืช ืžื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื•ืช; ื ืขื™ืœื” ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ืืช ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ9
ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ื•ืืคืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจืงืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืขื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืคืœืฆืชื™ื•ืช ืจืขื•ืชืื”ื“ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืคืœืฆืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืชืคื™ืกืช ืขื•ืœื ืจืขื”11
ืื”ื“ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœื”ื™ืงืฃ ืžืœื ื›ืžืขื˜; ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื™ืขืจ ืžืชื—ื–ืงืช ืžืื•ื“ื›ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืœืคื™ื•100+ ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 50+ ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืฉืงื˜ื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 50+ ืœื”ืชืžืฆืื•ืช; ืื”ื“ืช ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืจื—ื‘ืช ืœื›ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื13
ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžื’ืข ื™ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืฆืžื—; ื”ืฆื•ืžื— ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืจืฉืช ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืชืจืฉืช ืฆืžื—ื™ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื‘ืจื“ื™ื•ืก 100 ืžื˜ืจื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฆืžื—ื™ืช ืžืชืงื“ืžืช: ืงื‘ืœืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืฆืžื—ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— 100 ืžื˜ืจ; ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืจืฉืžื™ื ื•ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืฆืžื—15
ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข; ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ืœืขื–ืจืชื• ืžืจืฆื•ื ื, ืœื ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืคื™ื™ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื ืขื ื™ื ืœืงืจื™ืืชื•150+ ืœื”ืกื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 100+ ืœื ื™ืชื•ืจ, 75+ ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช, 75+ ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ื‘ืฉื”, 50+ ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืฉืงื˜ื”; ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืžื’ื•ื‘ื” 30 ืžื˜ืจ ืœืœื ื ื–ืง; ื–ื™ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืœืžืฉื™ืžื” ืื—ืช16